n-1 chi 2 test Search Results


n-1 chi 2 test  (CH Instruments)
90
CH Instruments n-1 chi 2 test
N 1 Chi 2 Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/n-1+chi+2+test/n+1+chi+squared+test/pmc08406278-196-6-7
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chi 2 test  (CH Instruments)
90
CH Instruments chi 2 test
Chi 2 Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/n-1+chi+2+test/chi+2/pmc10586552-93-6-6
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
chi 2 test - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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ig+therapy  (CH Instruments)
90
CH Instruments ig+therapy
Ig+Therapy, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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clothianidin  (CH Instruments)
90
CH Instruments clothianidin
Asterisks denote significantly different mean values (one asterisk: P < 0.05; three asterisks: P < 0.001). a DWV infection level in honey bees eclosed from larvae reared in vitro on a diet with or without <t>Clothianidin</t> (the experiment was run in triplicate, for a total of 28 and 27 individuals for Clothianidin treated and untreated controls, respectively; the horizontal bars represent the sample average; Mann–Whitney U test: n 1 = 28, n 2 = 27, U = 140, one tailed P < 0.001). b Fertility of Varroa mites on honey bee larvae treated with Clothianidin or on untreated controls (the experiment was run in triplicate, for a total of 111 and 120 individuals for Clothianidin treated and untreated controls, respectively; the proportion of reproducing mites in each replicate along with the average fertility and relative standard deviation are reported; Mantel–Haenszel test: df = 2, M–H Chi-2 = 3.970, P = 0.046).
Clothianidin, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/n-1+chi+2+test/clothianidin/pmc07675992-56-25-43
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flacc scale  (CH Instruments)
90
CH Instruments flacc scale
Comparison 1: audiovisual distraction (music versus audiovisual glasses versus control; audiovisual glasses versus control)
Flacc Scale, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/n-1+chi+2+test/flacc+scale/pmc07045283-254-67-75
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ketamine  (CH Instruments)
90
CH Instruments ketamine
Placebo study outcomes
Ketamine, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/n-1+chi+2+test/ketamine/pmc06517004-94-131-52
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sibutramine  (Matos labs)
90
Matos labs sibutramine
Placebo study outcomes
Sibutramine, supplied by Matos labs, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/n-1+chi+2+test/sibutramine/10__1002_slash_14651858__cd001872__pub2-3250-12-63
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Image Search Results


Asterisks denote significantly different mean values (one asterisk: P < 0.05; three asterisks: P < 0.001). a DWV infection level in honey bees eclosed from larvae reared in vitro on a diet with or without Clothianidin (the experiment was run in triplicate, for a total of 28 and 27 individuals for Clothianidin treated and untreated controls, respectively; the horizontal bars represent the sample average; Mann–Whitney U test: n 1 = 28, n 2 = 27, U = 140, one tailed P < 0.001). b Fertility of Varroa mites on honey bee larvae treated with Clothianidin or on untreated controls (the experiment was run in triplicate, for a total of 111 and 120 individuals for Clothianidin treated and untreated controls, respectively; the proportion of reproducing mites in each replicate along with the average fertility and relative standard deviation are reported; Mantel–Haenszel test: df = 2, M–H Chi-2 = 3.970, P = 0.046).

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Neonicotinoid Clothianidin reduces honey bee immune response and contributes to Varroa mite proliferation

doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19715-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Asterisks denote significantly different mean values (one asterisk: P < 0.05; three asterisks: P < 0.001). a DWV infection level in honey bees eclosed from larvae reared in vitro on a diet with or without Clothianidin (the experiment was run in triplicate, for a total of 28 and 27 individuals for Clothianidin treated and untreated controls, respectively; the horizontal bars represent the sample average; Mann–Whitney U test: n 1 = 28, n 2 = 27, U = 140, one tailed P < 0.001). b Fertility of Varroa mites on honey bee larvae treated with Clothianidin or on untreated controls (the experiment was run in triplicate, for a total of 111 and 120 individuals for Clothianidin treated and untreated controls, respectively; the proportion of reproducing mites in each replicate along with the average fertility and relative standard deviation are reported; Mantel–Haenszel test: df = 2, M–H Chi-2 = 3.970, P = 0.046).

Article Snippet: Mite fertility (i.e., proportion of reproducing females out of total female mites used in the experiment ) on bee pupae treated with 0.01 ppm of Clothianidin at the larval stage was significantly higher than on control bees (Mantel–Haenszel test: df = 2, M–H Chi-2 = 3.970, P = 0.046; Fig. ) by 23%, on average; on the contrary, fecundity (i.e., number of offspring per reproducing female) seemed not to be affected (Mann–Whitney U test: n 1 = 78, n = 68, U = 2487, n.s.

Techniques: Infection, In Vitro, MANN-WHITNEY, One-tailed Test, Standard Deviation

a Mite infestation as predicted using the discrete time model we developed and the reproduction data of Varroa mites as affected by Clothianidin exposure. b Mite infestation observed in hives close to fields treated with neonicotinoids .

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Neonicotinoid Clothianidin reduces honey bee immune response and contributes to Varroa mite proliferation

doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19715-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Mite infestation as predicted using the discrete time model we developed and the reproduction data of Varroa mites as affected by Clothianidin exposure. b Mite infestation observed in hives close to fields treated with neonicotinoids .

Article Snippet: Mite fertility (i.e., proportion of reproducing females out of total female mites used in the experiment ) on bee pupae treated with 0.01 ppm of Clothianidin at the larval stage was significantly higher than on control bees (Mantel–Haenszel test: df = 2, M–H Chi-2 = 3.970, P = 0.046; Fig. ) by 23%, on average; on the contrary, fecundity (i.e., number of offspring per reproducing female) seemed not to be affected (Mann–Whitney U test: n 1 = 78, n = 68, U = 2487, n.s.

Techniques:

Clothianidin (CLT) contamination decreases NF-κB activation, impairing the immune response and enhancing mite’s fitness, as a possible consequence of a higher feeding efficiency. The decrease in NF-κB activation relaxes immune control on DWV, which, above a certain threshold, impacts NF-κB, reinforcing the negative effect on immune response. Arrows indicate positive (i.e., stimulation or upregulation) interactions; bar-headed lines mark negative interactions (i.e., inhibition or downregulation); dashed lines indicate that the effect can be impaired by Clothianidin treatment.

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Neonicotinoid Clothianidin reduces honey bee immune response and contributes to Varroa mite proliferation

doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19715-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clothianidin (CLT) contamination decreases NF-κB activation, impairing the immune response and enhancing mite’s fitness, as a possible consequence of a higher feeding efficiency. The decrease in NF-κB activation relaxes immune control on DWV, which, above a certain threshold, impacts NF-κB, reinforcing the negative effect on immune response. Arrows indicate positive (i.e., stimulation or upregulation) interactions; bar-headed lines mark negative interactions (i.e., inhibition or downregulation); dashed lines indicate that the effect can be impaired by Clothianidin treatment.

Article Snippet: Mite fertility (i.e., proportion of reproducing females out of total female mites used in the experiment ) on bee pupae treated with 0.01 ppm of Clothianidin at the larval stage was significantly higher than on control bees (Mantel–Haenszel test: df = 2, M–H Chi-2 = 3.970, P = 0.046; Fig. ) by 23%, on average; on the contrary, fecundity (i.e., number of offspring per reproducing female) seemed not to be affected (Mann–Whitney U test: n 1 = 78, n = 68, U = 2487, n.s.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Control, Inhibition

Comparison 1: audiovisual distraction (music versus audiovisual glasses versus control; audiovisual glasses versus control)

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011024.pub2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison 1: audiovisual distraction (music versus audiovisual glasses versus control; audiovisual glasses versus control)

Article Snippet: , Pain experience using the Faces Legs Activity Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale (0 to 10 where 10 is worst pain) , Relaxed: n = 12 Mild discomfort: n = 20 Moderate discomfort: n = 1 Severe discomfort: n = 0 , Relaxed: n = 0 Mild discomfort: n = 14 Moderate discomfort: n = 19 Sever discomfort: n = 0 , , The results of the FLACC scale (observational measure) for pain using the Chi 2 test showed that children belonging to the relaxation exercise group perceived lesser pain with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups according to the study authors.

Techniques: Comparison, Control, Significance Assay, Modification, Activity Assay, Clarification Assay, Blocking Assay

Comparison 1 Audiovisual distraction versus music distraction versus control, Outcome 2 Pain‐related behaviour (FLACC scale 0–10, higher score indicates worst behaviour).

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011024.pub2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison 1 Audiovisual distraction versus music distraction versus control, Outcome 2 Pain‐related behaviour (FLACC scale 0–10, higher score indicates worst behaviour).

Article Snippet: , Pain experience using the Faces Legs Activity Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale (0 to 10 where 10 is worst pain) , Relaxed: n = 12 Mild discomfort: n = 20 Moderate discomfort: n = 1 Severe discomfort: n = 0 , Relaxed: n = 0 Mild discomfort: n = 14 Moderate discomfort: n = 19 Sever discomfort: n = 0 , , The results of the FLACC scale (observational measure) for pain using the Chi 2 test showed that children belonging to the relaxation exercise group perceived lesser pain with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups according to the study authors.

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Comparison 6: counter‐stimulation/distraction versus conventional treatment

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011024.pub2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison 6: counter‐stimulation/distraction versus conventional treatment

Article Snippet: , Pain experience using the Faces Legs Activity Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale (0 to 10 where 10 is worst pain) , Relaxed: n = 12 Mild discomfort: n = 20 Moderate discomfort: n = 1 Severe discomfort: n = 0 , Relaxed: n = 0 Mild discomfort: n = 14 Moderate discomfort: n = 19 Sever discomfort: n = 0 , , The results of the FLACC scale (observational measure) for pain using the Chi 2 test showed that children belonging to the relaxation exercise group perceived lesser pain with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups according to the study authors.

Techniques: Comparison, Control, Injection, Modification, Activity Assay, Mann-Whitney U-Test

Comparison 9: hypnosis versus conventional treatment

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011024.pub2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison 9: hypnosis versus conventional treatment

Article Snippet: , Pain experience using the Faces Legs Activity Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale (0 to 10 where 10 is worst pain) , Relaxed: n = 12 Mild discomfort: n = 20 Moderate discomfort: n = 1 Severe discomfort: n = 0 , Relaxed: n = 0 Mild discomfort: n = 14 Moderate discomfort: n = 19 Sever discomfort: n = 0 , , The results of the FLACC scale (observational measure) for pain using the Chi 2 test showed that children belonging to the relaxation exercise group perceived lesser pain with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups according to the study authors.

Techniques: Comparison, Control, Activity Assay

Placebo study outcomes

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003877.pub5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Placebo study outcomes

Article Snippet: Alfonzo‐Echeverri 1993 , n = 40 Mean age (SD) in months: Group 1 (n = 20) 40.4 (10.2) Group 2 (n = 20) 37.5 (10.6) , Group 1: ketamine (6 mg/kg) Group 2: meperidine (2.0 mg/kg) + promethazine (0.5 mg/kg) All oral All received nitrous oxide 30%‐50% , Modified Houpt Analysed using Chi 2 test , "Good sedation" in 65% of ketamine group and 45% of meperidine/promethazine Overall no statistically significant difference in distribution of sedation outcomes between groups (P = 0.07) Sedation onset time and recovery time both shorter for ketamine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.08 respectively) Adverse effects: vomiting (Groups 1 (n = 8) and 2 (n = 1)) Monitoring: precordial stethoscope and pulse oximeter , Dental treatment aborted in 4 children receiving meperidine and none in ketamine group.

Techniques: Saline, Modification, Comparison, Mann-Whitney U-Test, Activity Assay, Transformation Assay

Drug comparison study outcomes

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003877.pub5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Drug comparison study outcomes

Article Snippet: Alfonzo‐Echeverri 1993 , n = 40 Mean age (SD) in months: Group 1 (n = 20) 40.4 (10.2) Group 2 (n = 20) 37.5 (10.6) , Group 1: ketamine (6 mg/kg) Group 2: meperidine (2.0 mg/kg) + promethazine (0.5 mg/kg) All oral All received nitrous oxide 30%‐50% , Modified Houpt Analysed using Chi 2 test , "Good sedation" in 65% of ketamine group and 45% of meperidine/promethazine Overall no statistically significant difference in distribution of sedation outcomes between groups (P = 0.07) Sedation onset time and recovery time both shorter for ketamine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.08 respectively) Adverse effects: vomiting (Groups 1 (n = 8) and 2 (n = 1)) Monitoring: precordial stethoscope and pulse oximeter , Dental treatment aborted in 4 children receiving meperidine and none in ketamine group.

Techniques: Comparison, Injection, Modification, Saline, Activity Assay, Mann-Whitney U-Test, Transformation Assay

Frequency of studies in which drug regimens were tested

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003877.pub5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Frequency of studies in which drug regimens were tested

Article Snippet: Alfonzo‐Echeverri 1993 , n = 40 Mean age (SD) in months: Group 1 (n = 20) 40.4 (10.2) Group 2 (n = 20) 37.5 (10.6) , Group 1: ketamine (6 mg/kg) Group 2: meperidine (2.0 mg/kg) + promethazine (0.5 mg/kg) All oral All received nitrous oxide 30%‐50% , Modified Houpt Analysed using Chi 2 test , "Good sedation" in 65% of ketamine group and 45% of meperidine/promethazine Overall no statistically significant difference in distribution of sedation outcomes between groups (P = 0.07) Sedation onset time and recovery time both shorter for ketamine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.08 respectively) Adverse effects: vomiting (Groups 1 (n = 8) and 2 (n = 1)) Monitoring: precordial stethoscope and pulse oximeter , Dental treatment aborted in 4 children receiving meperidine and none in ketamine group.

Techniques:

Comparison 3 Ketamine, Outcome 1 Overall behaviour (ordinal scale, Houpt or similar).

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003877.pub5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison 3 Ketamine, Outcome 1 Overall behaviour (ordinal scale, Houpt or similar).

Article Snippet: Alfonzo‐Echeverri 1993 , n = 40 Mean age (SD) in months: Group 1 (n = 20) 40.4 (10.2) Group 2 (n = 20) 37.5 (10.6) , Group 1: ketamine (6 mg/kg) Group 2: meperidine (2.0 mg/kg) + promethazine (0.5 mg/kg) All oral All received nitrous oxide 30%‐50% , Modified Houpt Analysed using Chi 2 test , "Good sedation" in 65% of ketamine group and 45% of meperidine/promethazine Overall no statistically significant difference in distribution of sedation outcomes between groups (P = 0.07) Sedation onset time and recovery time both shorter for ketamine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.08 respectively) Adverse effects: vomiting (Groups 1 (n = 8) and 2 (n = 1)) Monitoring: precordial stethoscope and pulse oximeter , Dental treatment aborted in 4 children receiving meperidine and none in ketamine group.

Techniques: Comparison

Ketamine

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003877.pub5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ketamine

Article Snippet: Alfonzo‐Echeverri 1993 , n = 40 Mean age (SD) in months: Group 1 (n = 20) 40.4 (10.2) Group 2 (n = 20) 37.5 (10.6) , Group 1: ketamine (6 mg/kg) Group 2: meperidine (2.0 mg/kg) + promethazine (0.5 mg/kg) All oral All received nitrous oxide 30%‐50% , Modified Houpt Analysed using Chi 2 test , "Good sedation" in 65% of ketamine group and 45% of meperidine/promethazine Overall no statistically significant difference in distribution of sedation outcomes between groups (P = 0.07) Sedation onset time and recovery time both shorter for ketamine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.08 respectively) Adverse effects: vomiting (Groups 1 (n = 8) and 2 (n = 1)) Monitoring: precordial stethoscope and pulse oximeter , Dental treatment aborted in 4 children receiving meperidine and none in ketamine group.

Techniques:

Midazolam (versus other)

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003877.pub5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Midazolam (versus other)

Article Snippet: Alfonzo‐Echeverri 1993 , n = 40 Mean age (SD) in months: Group 1 (n = 20) 40.4 (10.2) Group 2 (n = 20) 37.5 (10.6) , Group 1: ketamine (6 mg/kg) Group 2: meperidine (2.0 mg/kg) + promethazine (0.5 mg/kg) All oral All received nitrous oxide 30%‐50% , Modified Houpt Analysed using Chi 2 test , "Good sedation" in 65% of ketamine group and 45% of meperidine/promethazine Overall no statistically significant difference in distribution of sedation outcomes between groups (P = 0.07) Sedation onset time and recovery time both shorter for ketamine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.08 respectively) Adverse effects: vomiting (Groups 1 (n = 8) and 2 (n = 1)) Monitoring: precordial stethoscope and pulse oximeter , Dental treatment aborted in 4 children receiving meperidine and none in ketamine group.

Techniques: